Puppet-valve.



G. R. RICH.

PUPPET VALVE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 12, 1912.

1,051,845., Patented Jan.28,1913.

zk fiaesses Z WZZ Z' UNITE STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE R. RICH, OF OAK PARK, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO RICH TOOL COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

PUPPET-VALVE.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE R. RICH, a citizen of the United States, residing at Oak Park, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented new and useful Improvements in Puppet-Valves, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to valves for mternal combustion engines, and more particularly to that class of valves known as puppet valves.

It is well known to those skilled in the art that much difliculty is encountered with the ordinary cast metal puppet valves, such as those formed of iron or nickel, because of the tendenc of carbon to accumulate thereon from t eir continued use in internal combustion engines, and further because of their tendency to warp and lose their shape, it being frequently necessary to rid them of the carbon deposit and sometimes necessary to grind them to make a true fit on the valve seat.

The object of the present invention is to construct the valve and its seat in a novel manner, whereby the possibility of carbon depositing thereon as well'as the danger of warping 1s reduced to a minimum.

To such ends, this invention consists in a puppet valve and its seat, made of high speed steel or other dense and highly tempered high grade steel, whose grain is exceedingly fine and which is capable of holding its temper when subjected. to very high temperatures.

The invention is clearly illustrated in the accompanying drawing in which- Figure 1 is a central longitudinal section through a puppet valve and its seat embodying the present invention, Fig. 2 -is an end view of the valve and its stem looking in the direction of the arrow 2 in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is an end view of the valve seat, looking in the direction of the arrow 3 in Fig. 1.

Referring to said drawing, 10 designates a puppet valve provided with the valve stem 11, and arranged to seat upon the valve seat 12. In accordance with the common practice, the stem is guided in a bearmg% 13, and the valve seat is secured in 9. sm able support 14.

In the present invention the pup et valve 10, is formed with a tapered ann ar bear ing face 15, preferably very narrow in ex- Speeiflcatlon of Letters Patent.

Application filed June 12, 1912.

Patented Jan. 28, 1913.

Serial No. 703,202.

tent, and adapted to seat against and upon an annular bearing face 16, of the valve seat 12, which, as shown, is tapered to fit the valve perfectly and like the bearing face 15, of the puppet valve, is very narrow in width.

One or both members of the complete valve, but preferably both members, are constructed of a high grade of tempered steel, such as high s eed steel or tungsten steel, or other igh grade steel containing in its composition, a percentage of tungsten. Steel of this kind has very little if any grain, is very dense and retains its temper, even when subjected to high temperatures reaching approximate] 1700 degrees Fahrenheit. As a result t e bearing surfaces of a puppet valve and its seat, formed of such steel, may be made exceedingly narrow in extent, almost to a knife edge, whereby the possibility of carbon depositing thereon to an appreciable extent, is wholly eliminated. Furthermore, the high temperature to which valves of this class are subjected, in internal combustion engines, does not draw the temper of the steel, consequently the puppet valve and its seat retain their hardness and therefore do not warp or easily wear out of shape.

While it is well known that metal-cutting tools, made of tungsten steel, retain their cutting power when making thick cuts, and are.thereby heated to a temperature as high as 750 degrees Fahrenheit, I have discovered that a puppet valve and its stem, made of meta containing at least six per cent. tungsten, retains its extreme hardness, does not warp, or pit or collect carbon on its bearing surface, when subjected to the high temperatures of gases developed in internal combustion engines, which gases usually reach a temperature as high as 1200 degrees Fahrenhe1t,sometimes hl her. My experiments show that puppet va ves, made in accordance with my invention, remain in perfect workin condition, free from any appreciable car on deposit, after having been subjected to this high temperature of gases in an internal combustion en gine of an automobile during a run of 4,000 miles. The advantage of such a valve is readily apparent to any one familiar with the art in which this invention belongs. This result cannot be obtained with puppet last practically as valves made of ordinary tool steel, be-

cause when such valves are subjected to the high temperature present in internal combustion engines the temper of the steel is apt to be drawn, and the valves soon warp and need regrinding, Valves made in accordance with my present invention will bustion engine in which they are used, and do notrequire frequent regrinding.

In the manufacture of the present puppet valve I employ a round rod of tungsten steel of approximately one half the diameter of the valve, and when heated to a temperature of more than 1700 degrees Fahrenheit draw down the greater portion of said rod to form the valve stem, by subjecting the sides thereof to comparatively light hammer strokes, after which the large end of the rod is hammered down endwise, to form the valve proper. The rough piece is then annealed, finished and rehardened. Thus I provide a valve and its stem of one piece of tungsten steel in which the metal throughout'its structure is condensed materially over and above what it would be if the valve and its stem were cut from a piece of tungsten steel of the diameter of thevalve proper. A valve, made by cutting it out of a large piece of tungsten steel, would not produce the same result as a valve made in accordance withthe present method of making a valve.

long as the internal come.

I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent.

1. As a new article of manufacture, a puppet valve constructed of high speed steel.

2. As a new article of manufacture, a puppet valve constructed of steel containing in its composition a percentage of tungsten.

3. As a new article of manufacture, a puppet valve having a very narrow annular bearing face, and constructed of high speed steel.

4. As a new article of manufacture, a puppet valve and its stem constructed of steel containing in its composition a percentage of'tungsten. I

5. As a new article of manufacture, a puppet valve and its stem constructed of a single piece of steel, containing in its composition a percentage of tungsten.

6. As a new article of manufacture, a puppet valve having a very narrow annular hearing face, said valve having a valve stem formed integral therewith, and constructed of tungsten steel.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto signed my" name, at Chicago, Cook county, Illinois, this 11th day of June 1912.

GEORGE E. RICH.

Witnesses:

FRANK THOMPSON, U'rro M. CARRY. 

